which specific problems does martin luther king, jr., mention in the part of the speech you watched? select all that apply. segregation in schools police brutality lack of voting rights workplace discrimination

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Civil Rights Era (1950–1963)

The Brown decision fueled violent resistance during which Southern states evaded the law. The Montgomery bus boycott began a campaign of nonviolent civil disobedience to protest segregation that attracted national and international attention. Media coverage of the use of fire hoses and attack dogs against protesters and bombings and riots in Birmingham compelled Kennedy to act, sending a civil rights bill to Congress.

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964: A Long Struggle for Freedom

Civil Rights Era (1950–1963)

Home | Exhibition Overview | Exhibition Items | Timelines | Multimedia | Public Programs | Learn More | Acknowledgments

Sections: Prologue | The Segregation Era (1900–1939) | World War II and Post War (1940–1949) | Civil Rights Era (1950–1963) | The Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Immediate Impact of the Civil Rights Act | Epilogue

The Day They Changed Their Minds. New York: NAACP, March, 1960. Pamphlet. NAACP Records, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress (107.00.00) Courtesy of the NAACP

The NAACP’s legal strategy against segregated education culminated in the 1954 Supreme Court’s landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision. African Americans gained the formal, if not the practical, right to study alongside their white peers in primary and secondary schools. The decision fueled an intransigent, violent resistance during which Southern states used a variety of tactics to evade the law.

In the summer of 1955, a surge of anti-black violence included the kidnapping and brutal murder of fourteen-year-old Emmett Till, a crime that provoked widespread and assertive protests from black and white Americans. By December 1955, the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott led by Martin Luther King, Jr., began a protracted campaign of nonviolent civil disobedience to protest segregation that attracted national and international attention.

During 1956, a group of Southern senators and congressmen signed the “Southern Manifesto,” vowing resistance to racial integration by all “lawful means.” Resistance heightened in 1957–1958 during the crisis over integration at Little Rock’s Central High School. At the same time, the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights led a successful drive for passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1957 and continued to press for even stronger legislation. NAACP Youth Council chapters staged sit-ins at whites-only lunch counters, sparking a movement against segregation in public accommodations throughout the South in 1960. Nonviolent direct action increased during the presidency of John F. Kennedy, beginning with the 1961 Freedom Rides.

Hundreds of demonstrations erupted in cities and towns across the nation. National and international media coverage of the use of fire hoses and attack dogs against child protesters precipitated a crisis in the Kennedy administration, which it could not ignore. The bombings and riots in Birmingham, Alabama, on May 11, 1963, compelled Kennedy to call in federal troops.

On June 19, 1963, the president sent a comprehensive civil rights bill to Congress. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28 roused public support for the pending bill. After the president’s assassination on November 22, the fate of Kennedy’s bill was in the hands of his vice president and successor, Lyndon B. Johnson, and the United States Congress.

See timeline for this period

Roy Wilkins NAACP’s Longest Serving Leader

Roy Wilkins (1901−1981) was born in St. Louis, the son of a minister. While attending the University of Minnesota he served as secretary of the local NAACP. After graduation he began work as the editor of the Kansas City Call, a black weekly. The headline coverage Wilkins gave the NAACP in the Call attracted the attention of Walter White, who hired him as NAACP assistant secretary in 1931.

From 1934 to 1949, Wilkins served concurrently as editor of The Crisis, the NAACP’s quarterly journal. In 1950 he became NAACP administrator and cofounded the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights. He succeeded Walter White as executive secretary of the NAACP in 1955. Under his leadership the NAACP achieved school desegregation, major civil rights legislation, and its peak membership. Wilkins retired in 1977 as the longest serving NAACP leader.

Roy Wilkins. New York: M. Smith Studio, between 1940 and 1950. NAACP Records, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress (078.00.00) Courtesy of the NAACP

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A Fact Sheet on Cloture

In February 1952 the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR) held a meeting in Washington to discuss Senate Rule XXII on cloture, a procedure that Southern senators utilized to block civil rights bills in debate by filibuster. In 1952, Rule XXII required a two-thirds vote of the entire Senate to invoke cloture to break a filibuster. Senators had also liberalized Rule XXII by subjecting “any measure, motion, or other matter” to cloture. At the start of each new Congress the LCCR lobbied for a revision of Rule XXII to lessen the obstacles to passage of civil rights bills. Joseph Rauh was the chief strategist for the LCCR’s Rule XXII campaigns.

Source : www.loc.gov

Civil Rights and Voting Rights Flashcards

Start studying Civil Rights and Voting Rights. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.

Civil Rights and Voting Rights

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Choose the piece of legislation that matches each action.

1. banned literacy tests

2. banned poll taxes

3. authorized federal supervision of voter registration

4. opposed gender discrimination at work

Click card to see definition 👆

Voting Rights Act 24th Amendment Voting Rights Act Civil Rights Act

Click again to see term 👆

Why did the March on Washington increase public sympathy for civil rights?

Select all that apply.

Click card to see definition 👆

White marchers appeared alongside African Americans.

The event was peaceful.

Click again to see term 👆

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Terms in this set (28)

Choose the piece of legislation that matches each action.

1. banned literacy tests

2. banned poll taxes

3. authorized federal supervision of voter registration

4. opposed gender discrimination at work

Voting Rights Act 24th Amendment Voting Rights Act Civil Rights Act

Why did the March on Washington increase public sympathy for civil rights?

Select all that apply.

White marchers appeared alongside African Americans.

The event was peaceful.

Which of the following events was a highlight of the March on Washington?

"I Have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King, Jr.

In the speech, Martin Luther King, Jr., famously declares that he has a dream.

Which of the following best describes that dream?

African Americans and whites would live in harmony and equality

Choose the best word or phrase to complete each statement.

1. The Selma marchers planned to walk from Selma to .

2. Marchers were responding to actions against civil rights workers.

3. Marchers wanted to apply pressure to .

4. Marchers wanted in Alabama.

Montgomery violent Governor Wallace voting rights

When they began their first march from Selma to Montgomery, civil rights marchers were

battered by violent police.

Which of these statements describes the effects of the Selma marches?

They created widespread national sympathy for the civil rights cause.

Which legislation was influenced by the Selma marches?

Voting Rights Act

Based on what you have learned, select the phrases that correctly describe a provision of the Civil Rights Act.

Select all of the boxes that apply.

guaranteed equal voting rights

desegregated schools

desegregated public places

opposed gender discrimination in the workplace

Which southern voting law did the 24th amendment abolish?

poll taxes

Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data in this table?

More African Americans became registered to vote in Southern states.

Think about what you have learned about the civil rights protests of the mid-1960s and their effects.

Write a 5-7 sentence paragraph that answers the question: What do you think was the most valuable tool civil rights activists employed to achieve their goals?

Include examples from this lesson.

Learn about the origins, strategies, and unfinished business of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. ... African Americans continue to be incarcerated at a rate greatly disproportionate to their percentage of the population. ... Which of the strategies employed by civil rights activists do you think was most effective?In the history of the United States there have been many social changes that have occurred. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960's was one of the most significant and important for the equality of all people. Since the abolition of slavery in 1863, there had been a continuous conflict between the races of people who live in ...

The underlined text uses similar language as what other famous document or speech?

The Gettysburg Address

Who is the "great American" that King refers to in this paragraph?

Abraham Lincoln

Which of the following is Dr. King criticizing in this portion of his speech?

Select all of the boxes that apply.

segregation laws of the South

high poverty rates among African Americans

discrimination

Which specific problems does Martin Luther King, Jr., mention in the part of the speech you watched?

Select all that apply.

police brutality

lack of voting rights

The underlined text refers to language found in what famous American document?

The Declaration of Independence

How does Dr. King want people to judge his children?

by the way they act and what kind of people they are

According to the votes shown in the table, who opposed the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

residents of Southern states

Which event occurred in August of 1963?

the March on Washington

Civil rights activists challenged Southern voting laws because they conflicted with

the Fifteenth Amendment.

The first draft of the Civil Rights Act was proposed by

John F. Kennedy.

Who gave an historically important speech during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom?

Martin Luther King Jr.

Literacy tests were banned by

the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

The "I Have a Dream" speech referred to which historic American document?

Source : quizlet.com

Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech: the forgotten parts

MLK’s speech highlighted the unfulfilled promise of economic freedom for black Americans — and the White House feared the aftermath.

3 often forgotten parts from Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech

MLK’s speech highlighted the unfulfilled promise of economic freedom for black Americans — and the White House feared the aftermath.

By Michelle Garcia Updated Jan 17, 2019, 2:07pm EST

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Martin Luther King Jr., at the March on Washington in 1963, where he delivered the famous "I Have a Dream" speech.

If you’ve attended an American elementary school in the last 30 years, you’re probably fairly familiar with Martin Luther King Jr.’s historic speech, "I Have a Dream," delivered at the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

The march, held 100 years after Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, was capped by King's powerful speech, setting the tone for a national movement for Civil Rights as the country’s own identity was in flux. The march was a turning point, merging the demonstrations for racial equality concentrated in southern states, with widespread discontent in the north, to a full, national movement.

Interestingly, the most iconic part of the speech, which most people remember, was not exactly prepared. The resounding finale to his speech (a version of which was delivered in Detroit two months prior) was improvised at the end of his prepared remarks about the unfulfilled promise of economic freedom for people of color. The speech breaks from the central theme of the event — economic opportunity and equality — to sketch a broader vision of a nation where people are not "judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character."

Nevertheless, his words galvanized the 250,000 attendees and the millions of others watching from afar. Right there, King set the agenda for the next several years of activism. The sentiment behind his speech still echoes decades years later, especially as people continue to fight income inequality, police brutality, and workplace discrimination.

The urgency of now

The march was a peaceful demonstration following months of unrest across the country. Earlier that summer, Alabama Gov. George Wallace fought against admitting black students to the University of Alabama, civil rights activist Medgar Evers was assassinated, and riots popped up in several cities. But even then, some (including the Kennedy administration) said a march would accomplish little, and that equality would come in due time:

This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.

In the era that followed, King's sense of urgency not only colored the movement for racial equality, but for that of gender equality and LGBTQ rights. Waiting for the majority to come around on these issues without challenging the status quo, as King said, is a losing tactic.

The need for allies

Instead, King draws on the building excitement of the movement to welcome and recruit others:

The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. They have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.

Fast forward five decades, and King's words on the importance of allies remains key to change, whether it's white allies standing up for the fair treatment of people of color, male allies for women and gender equality, or cisgender and straight allies for LGBTQ rights.

"We cannot be satisfied"

King then goes deeper, giving the harsh and very real examples of what people of color were fighting against then (and in some cases, are still fighting against):

There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating: "For Whites Only." We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream."

Many have said King's declaration that sweltering August afternoon was a spark, not only for the movement, but for others who sat on the sidelines watching all the protests, sit-ins, boycotts and riots for the last decade.

Source : www.vox.com