voters cast ballots in great numbers in a year when there is an election for
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Record shares of eligible voters turned out for 2020 election
Americans voted in record numbers in last year’s presidential election, casting nearly 158.4 million ballots.
JANUARY 28, 2021
Turnout soared in 2020 as nearly two-thirds of eligible U.S. voters cast ballots for president
BY DREW DESILVER
Voters cast their ballots at Metropolitan Library in Atlanta on Nov. 3, 2020. (Megan Varner/Getty Images)
Americans voted in record numbers in last year’s presidential election, casting nearly 158.4 million ballots. That works out to more than six-in-ten people of voting age and nearly two-thirds of estimated eligible voters, according to a preliminary Pew Research Center analysis.
Nationwide, presidential election turnout was about 7 percentage points higher than in 2016, regardless of which of three different turnout metrics we looked at: the estimated voting-age population as of July 1, that estimate adjusted to Nov. 1, and the estimated voting-eligible population, which subtracts noncitizens and ineligible felons and adds overseas eligible citizens. Based on these measures, turnout was the highest since at least 1980, the earliest year in our analysis, and possibly much longer.
The rise in turnout was fueled in part by the bitter fight between incumbent President Donald Trump and challenger Joe Biden: A preelection survey found a record share of registered voters (83%) saying it “really matter[ed]” who won. But another big factor was the dramatic steps many states took to expand mail balloting and early voting because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Turnout rates increased in every state compared with 2016, but of the 10 states where it rose the most, seven conducted November’s vote entirely or mostly by mail, our analysis shows. Six of those states had recently adopted all-mail voting, either permanently (Utah and Hawaii) or for the 2020 elections only (California, New Jersey, Vermont and most of Montana).
How we did this
In Hawaii, turnout rose from 42.3% of the estimated voting-eligible population in 2016 to 57% last year, the biggest turnout increase in the country by this measurement. In Utah, turnout increased by about 11 percentage points, from 56.8% of estimated eligible voters in 2016 to nearly 68% in 2020.
The smallest turnout increases, as shares of estimated eligible voters, were in North Dakota (3.3 percentage points), Arkansas (3 points) and Oklahoma (2.5 points). Interestingly, the District of Columbia’s adoption of all-mail voting for the 2020 election didn’t seem to affect turnout much: 63.7% of estimated eligible D.C. voters voted for president, 3.3 percentage points above the 2016 turnout level.
Minnesota had the highest turnout of any state last year, with 79.4% of estimated eligible voters casting ballots for president. Colorado, Maine and Wisconsin all followed close behind, at about 75.5%; Washington state, at 75.2%, rounded out the top five. The lowest-turnout states were Tennessee (59.6% of estimated eligible voters), Hawaii and West Virginia (57% each), Arkansas (55.9%) and Oklahoma (54.8%).
The Census Bureau will release its own estimates of turnout later this year, using a somewhat different methodology (people who say they voted as a share of estimated voting-age population). But based on the pattern of previous years, it’s likely the Census will show the highest turnout since the 1960s.
Despite the big bump in turnout last year, the U.S. still lags behind most of its developed-nation peers when it comes to electoral participation. Out of 35 members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development for which estimates of voting-age population in the most recent national election were available, U.S. turnout ranked an underwhelming 24th.
Topics Election 2020Voter Participation
Drew DeSilver
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Voting Flashcards
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Voting
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Look at the table, which shows that while some states allow same-day voter registration, others do not.
What conclusion can best be drawn from the information in the table?
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States with same-day registration had a higher voter turnout than states without same-day registration.
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Why did the US Supreme Court rule against the state of Tennessee in Baker v. Carr?
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Tennessee had not redistricted since 1901, keeping rural districts in power.
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1/10 Created by samatron212
Terms in this set (10)
Look at the table, which shows that while some states allow same-day voter registration, others do not.
What conclusion can best be drawn from the information in the table?
States with same-day registration had a higher voter turnout than states without same-day registration.
Why did the US Supreme Court rule against the state of Tennessee in Baker v. Carr?
Tennessee had not redistricted since 1901, keeping rural districts in power.
Look at the bar graph.
(Voter Turnout by gender and age, 2008 Presidential Election)
What is the most accurate conclusion someone can draw from this graph?
Older women vote in higher percentages than younger men.
Which best describes voting districts that have been gerrymandered?
districts that are oddly shaped
Why do political parties most often try to gerrymander voting districts?
to gain a political advantage
Look at the information in this bar graph.
Based on this graph, what conclusion can someone draw?
Voters were not interested in the issues in 2008.
2008 and 2012 were presidential election years.
The majority of Americans vote in every election.
Women boycotted the polls in 2010.
2008 and 2012 were presidential election years.
Which best describes what happens to voting districts every ten years?
They are reapportioned based on information in the census.
Look at the bar graph, which shows voter turnout in one election year.
Which is the best conclusion someone can draw from this graph?
The less one earns, the less likely one is to vote.
What happens when voters are out of state on Election Day?
They must vote using an absentee ballot.
Voters cast ballots in great numbers in a year when there is an election for _____ of the United States.
President
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What Methods Did People Use to Vote in the 2020 Election?
New data from the Current Population Survey’s voting supplement examine voting methods in 2020 and changes from 2016 at the national and state levels.
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What Methods Did People Use to Vote in the 2020 Election?
What Methods Did People Use to Vote in the 2020 Election? Majority of Voters Used Nontraditional Methods to Cast Ballots in 2020
ZACHARY SCHERER APRIL 29, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a variety of changes in voting methods across the country in 2020, and the ways people could cast ballots varied widely from state to state.
Many states maintained traditional voting procedures, but some expanded early voting, and others automatically sent all registered voters a ballot that could be returned by mail.
In the 2020 election, 69% of voters nationwide cast their ballot nontraditionally — by mail and/or before Election Day.New data from the Current Population Survey's November 2020 Voting and Registration Supplement released today show us in detail the ways voters cast their ballot at the national and state levels and allow us to compare voting methods and voter turnout across elections. Since these estimates are derived from survey responses, they differ from official reports from each state and estimates from other data sources.
In the 2020 election, 69% of voters nationwide cast their ballot nontraditionally — by mail and/or before Election Day. This is the highest rate of nontraditional voting for a presidential election (Figure 1) since questions regarding voting method have been included in the survey.
By comparison, about 40% of voters cast their ballots by mail and/or prior to Election Day in 2016.
Much of the surge in nontraditional voting was due to an increase in mail-in voting.
In 2020, 43% of voters cast ballots by mail and another 26% voted in person before Election Day. In 2016, 21% mailed in their ballots and 19% voted in person prior to Election Day.
Who Voted Using Nontraditional Methods?
The degree to which voters used nontraditional methods in the 2020 election varied across demographic groups by age, education, sex and race/ethnicity (Figure 2).
A larger share of voters age 65 and over voted nontraditionally (77.7%) than those in younger age groups (69.7% or less).
Those with a bachelor’s degree or higher also voted early or by mail at a higher rate (74.5%) than those with lower educational attainment (63.2% for high school graduates).
Women (71.2%) used nontraditional voting methods at a higher rate than men (67.4%).
Of the racial groups, the highest share of nontraditional voting was among Asian alone, non-Hispanic voters (82.4%).
Educational attainment appears to have played a greater role in White alone, non-Hispanic voters’ decision to cast their ballot in a nontraditional way in 2020 than in 2016 (Figure 3), an outcome not evident for other race and Hispanic origin groupings.
Among race and Hispanic groups, the growth in the gap in the use of nontraditional voting based on education was statistically significant only among the White alone, non-Hispanic population.
In 2016, among the White alone, non-Hispanic population, there was a 5.1 percentage-point gap in the use of nontraditional voting between those with less than a bachelor's degree (37.7%) and those with a bachelor's degree or more (42.8%). That gap grew to 9.4 percentage points in 2020: 63.4% of those with less than a bachelor's degree voted nontraditionally, compared with 72.8% of those with a bachelor's degree or higher.
How Voting Methods Varied by State
Use of nontraditional voting also varied across states. Map 1 displays nontraditional voting rates in the 2020 election at the state level.
In states such as Washington and Oregon, which have sent all registered voters a mail-in ballot for multiple electoral cycles, over 95% of voters cast their ballot by a nontraditional method.
Other states continued to rely on traditional voting methods. For example, only 15.1% of voters in Alabama and 18.5% in Mississippi cast ballots nontraditionally (the two percentages did not differ statistically).
Map 2 displays the change in estimated nontraditional voting rates by state from 2016 to 2020, reflecting the varying degree to which states adapted their voting procedures prior to the 2020 election.
Some states that relied heavily on nontraditional voting in 2016 continued to do so in 2020. For example, the nontraditional voting rate in Colorado was 90.4% in 2016, compared with 97.2% in 2020.
Other states that did not use nontraditional voting methods extensively in 2016 continued to make limited use of those methods in 2020. For example, in Oklahoma, 17.0% of voters cast ballots early or by mail in 2016, compared with 23.2% in 2020.
A third group of states saw large shifts in their use of nontraditional voting between 2016 and 2020. In New Jersey, for example, 7.9% of voters cast ballots early or by mail in 2016, compared with 92.3% in 2020, when all registered New Jersey voters received a ballot in the mail.
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