rocky mountain arsenal national wildlife refuge

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Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

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Not to be confused with Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge.

Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)

Mule deer in Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge; downtown Denver is visible in the background.

Location Adams County, Colorado, U.S.

Nearest city Commerce City, Colorado

Coordinates 39°50′0″N 104°50′30″W / 39.83333°N 104.84167°W

Coordinates: 39°50′0″N 104°50′30″W / 39.83333°N 104.84167°W

Area 15,988 acres (64.70 km2)

Established 1992

Visitors 300,000 (in 2013)

Governing body United States Fish and Wildlife Service

Website Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

The Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge is a 15,988-acre (24.981 sq mi) National Wildlife Refuge located adjacent to Commerce City, Colorado, in the United States. It is approximately 8 miles (13 km) northeast of downtown Denver. The refuge is on the grounds of the former Rocky Mountain Arsenal, a United States Army chemical weapons manufacturing facility. The site was designated a national wildlife refuge in 1992 by the United States Congress, and underwent a costly environmental cleanup in order to remove pollutants. The refuge is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. More than 330 species of wildlife inhabit the refuge, including raptors, deer, raccoons, coyotes, white pelicans, black-footed ferrets, black-tailed prairie dogs, and bison.

1 Previous uses 2 History 3 Management 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography

Previous uses[edit]

The Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA) was built in 1942 to manufacture chemical weapons. A portion of the site was leased to private industry in 1946 for petroleum production and agricultural and industrial chemical manufacturing.[1] When the American chemical weapons program was shut down after the Vietnam War,[2] the RMA served as a site for dismantling and disposing of these weapons.[1] The Shell Oil Company also used a portion of the site in the 1980s to produce pesticides.[2] The RMA was closed in 1985, and in 1987 environmental testing revealed that the site was extremely polluted. The RMA was listed on the National Priorities List, a list of hazardous waste sites in the United States eligible for long-term remedial action (cleanup) financed under the federal Superfund program run by the Environmental Protection Agency.[1]

In 1986, while environmental testing was continuing, a winter communal roost of bald eagles, then an endangered species, was discovered at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal.[3] Additional investigation by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) discovered that the RMA was home more than 330 species of wildlife. With the arsenal not fit for human habitation, pressure quickly built to have it turned into a wildlife refuge.[4] Congress enacted the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge Act on September 25, 1992, and the legislation was signed into law by President George H. W. Bush on October 9. The law stipulated that a majority of the RMA site would become a national wildlife refuge under the jurisdiction of the Fish and Wildlife Service once the environmental restoration is completed. The Act also provided that, to the extent possible, the RMA was to be managed as a wildlife refuge in the interim.[5]

At the time the refuge was established, the RMA consisted of more than 17,000 acres (69 km2) of grassland dotted with small manmade lakes and ponds.[6] Not all of this land was set aside for the refuge. Section 2(c)(2) of the enabling legislation set aside 12.08 acres (0.0489 km2) for use as the South Adams County Water Treatment Plant and 63.04 acres (0.2551 km2) for a United States Postal Service facility. Section 5(a)(1) of the act designated another 815 acres (3.30 km2) for public sale.[5] The former Shell Oil Company land also proved to be a problem, as it was somewhat geographically isolated from the rest of the refuge and not likely to be used by wildlife as habitat. Subsequently, about 100 acres (0.40 km2) of the Shell Oil site was sold to Commerce City in 2010. Of the remaining 250 acres (1.0 km2) of the Shell site, 100 acres (0.40 km2) are (as of 2013) being used for a water treatment facility and another 150 acres (0.61 km2) for domestic livestock grazing. The USFWS anticipates selling these 250 acres (1.0 km2) by 2023.[7] These land set-asides, sales, and transfers left the refuge with 15,988 acres (64.70 km2) of land.[8]

History[edit]

The entire 17,000 acres (69 km2) of the old RMA was included in the remediation effort. On January 21, 2003, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certified 940 acres (3.8 km2) as ready for use, and this acreage was turned over to the USFWS. Another 5,053 acres (20.45 km2) were certified clean on January 15, 2004.[9] This allowed USWFS to formally open the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge on April 2, 2004. At that time, walking trails gave guests access to about 2,000 acres (8.1 km2) of the refuge, and buses allowed visitors to tour another 3,000 acres (12 km2).[6] EPA released another 7,399 acres (29.94 km2) on July 31, 2006.[9] The remaining 2,596 acres (10.51 km2) were declared contaminant-free and turned over to the refuge on October 15, 2010. The total cost of the cleanup was $2.1 billion.[10]

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Source : en.wikipedia.org

Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

Image Details

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Welcome to Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge! Located just 10 miles northeast of downtown Denver, you can step into nature and see the native wildlife that call the Refuge home. Bison, deer, raptors, songbirds, waterfowl, prairie dogs, and coyotes are just a few of the animals you will see on your visit. Take a nature escape and discover the variety of wildlife and outdoor recreational experiences waiting for you.

Refuge Information

The Refuge, Wildlife Drive, and Trails are OPEN

Visitor Center and Nature's Nest Books and Gifts are OPEN; Exhibit Hall and Discovery Room are CLOSED

Visitor Center Hours: Wednesday through Sunday 9am-4pm. (Closed Monday and Tuesday)

Upper Derby Trail is CLOSED November 30 through April 15

Visit the Refuge Rules and Policies page for more information

To purchase America the Beautiful passes, please schedule an appointment by calling 303-289-0930

Latest News

Recreation Spring Marvels

Here are some sights to look for in spring on national wildlife refuges.

Mar 7, 2022

Recreation

Visiting a Park? Try a Wildlife Refuge, Too

Millions of Americans visit national parks and national seashores each summer. They can be crowded. If you’re looking for a quieter experience off the beaten path, try a nearby national wildlife refuge, too.

Feb 3, 2022

Wildlife Wonders

Refuge Animals From A to Z

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conserves land and water on national wildlife refuges for hundreds of species of birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Here’s a sampling of them, from A to Z.

Jan 18, 2022

Recreation Photo Contests

Annual refuge photo contests celebrate individual national wildlife refuges and let amateur photographers compete in categories such as wildlife, scenery and recreation.

Jan 11, 2022

Wildlife Wonders

Eagles Across America

Half a century ago, the bald eagle was in danger of extinction. Conservationists helped lead a remarkable recovery, and in 2007 the bald eagle was removed from the federal list of threatened and endangered species. This article touches on why the bald eagle inspires the awe and respect that it does.

Jan 7, 2022

Recreation Winter Scenes

Here are some natural sights to look for in winter at national wildlife refuges.

Jan 6, 2022 VIEW ALL NEWS

Visit Us

The Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge is one of the largest urban refuges in the country. It is a sanctuary away from the hustle and bustle of busy urban life where time moves at nature's pace. With its expansive views, wildlife viewing opportunities, and recreation activities, it's easy to take a nature escape!

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Source : www.fws.gov

Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge, Commerce City: 353 yorum, makale ve 429 resme bakın.

Tüm yapılacak şeylere bakın

Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

353

Commerce City bölgesindeki 10 yapılacak şeyden 1. sıradaki

Doğa ve Vahşi Yaşam Bölgeleri

İnternet sitesini ziyaret edin

Telefon edin

Gezginlere kulak verin

“Wildlife ” Haz 2017

Vahşi yaşam görmek için güzel bir yer. Pek çok kuş türü bulunmaktadır. İstiridye köpek sürüleri her yerde. Güzel bir bölgede çocuklarla balıkçı gitmek için de vardır.

“Pleasant Prairie Drive”

Nis 2017

Bu dokuz - mil tahrik büyük göletlerine görmek için kolay bir fırsat sunar bufalo ve sıska geyik, sayısız istiridye köpekleri ve pek çok özgürlük şahinleri. Denver ufuk çizgisi güzel manzarası ve dağ da vardır. Ücretsiz ve bulmak çok kolay. Ama içinde kaybolmak imkansız bir ziyaretçi merkezi bir yer.

Burada gördüklerinizi iyileştirecek düzenlemeler önerin.

Bu kaydı geliştirin Bölge Adres

Yakınlardaki en iyiler

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4.0 353 yorum Mükemmel 171 Çok iyi 119 Orta 44 Kötü 10 Berbat 9 luvntravel20 Green Bay, WI 80 katkı It was ok Oca 2022 • Çiftler

This was about a 1 hour drive through some Barron land. We saw a few buffalo behind a fence, a few deer and Praire dogs. It would have been really neat to see a bit more wildlife, but it was pleasant enough. If you need to waste an hour before flying out of the denver airport-it’s a nice drive.

Yazıldığı tarih: 30 Ocak 2022