mitosis and meiosis are cell division mechanisms that lead to different numbers of daughter cells. which explanation best describes how these two processes maintain genetic continuity?
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get mitosis and meiosis are cell division mechanisms that lead to different numbers of daughter cells. which explanation best describes how these two processes maintain genetic continuity? from EN Bilgi.
The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis
The cell cycle is the four stage process in which the cell becomes two cells. We provide academic materials for learning purposes for various levels of education.
The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis
The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis Mitosis
DNA, in the form of chromosomes, is divided so that each daughter cell has a complete copy of the genetic material (or genome). Organisms that reproduce sexually have two copies of each chromosome, one from their father and one from their mother.
Meiosis
A special form of cell division needed to produce sex cells - for example, sperm and eggs with only one copy of each chromosome. Fusion of the sex cells creates a new individual with two copies of each chromosome.
Many single-celled organisms reproduce by cell division and have a single copy of each chromosome.
SC.912.L.16.17 Mitosis and Meiosis
Home Departments Science Biology EOC Review
SC.912.L.16.17 Mitosis and Meiosis
SC.912.L.16.17 Mitosis and Meiosis
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End of Course Reviews
Biology EOC Review
NATURE OF SCIENCE
SC.912.N.1.1 Scientific Method
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
SC.912.L.14.1 Cell Theory
SC.912.L.14.3 Cell Structure
SC.912.L.16.3 DNA Replication
SC.912.L.16.17 Mitosis and Meiosis
SC.912.L.18.1 Macromolecules
SC.912.l.18.9 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
SC.912.L.18.12 Properties of Water
ORGANISMS, POPULATIONS AND ECOSYSTEMS
SC.912.L.14.7 Plant Structure
SC.912.L.14.26 The Brain
SC.912.L.14.36 Cardiovascular System
SC.912.L.14.52 Immune System
SC.912.L.16.10 Biotechnology
SC.912.L.16.13 Reproductive System
SC.912.L.17.5 Population Size
SC.912.L.17.9 Food Webs and Energy Transfer
SC.912.L.17.20 Human Impact
CLASSIFICATION, HEREDITY AND EVOLUTION
SC.912.L.15.1 Evolution
SC.912.l.15.6 Classification
SC.912.L.15.8 Origin of Life
SC.912.L.15.13 Natural Selection
SC.912.L.16.1 Genetics
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW...
You need to know the differences and similarities in the processes of mitosis and meiosis and relate these to the processes of sexual and asexual reproduction.
You need to know how mitosis and meiosis lead to genetic variation.
You need to know the relationship between mutation, cell cycle, and uncontrolled cell growth potentially resulting in cancer.
You need to know the cell cycle, including the process of mitosis and be able to explain the role of mitosis in the formation of new cells and its importance in maintaining chromosome number during sexual reproduction.
EXAMPLE ONE
Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes and event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
A. two stages of cell divisionB. replication of cellular genetic materialC. daughter cells that are identical to the parent cellD. four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cellCLICK HERE FOR ANSWEREXAMPLE TWO
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?
A. sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parentB. asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parentC. mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproductionD. asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organismsCLICK HERE FOR ANSWEREXAMPLE THREE
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
A. Parthenogenesis B. asexual reproduction C. Sexual reproduction D. Vegetative reproductionCLICK HERE FOR ANSWEREXAMPLE FOUR
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
A. absence of cyclins in the DNAB. miltiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNAC. uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes that control the cell cycleD. presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disordersCLICK HERE FOR ANSWEREXAMPLE FIVE
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram below?
EXAMPLE SIX
A scientist wants to change the DNA of a sexually reproducing organism and have the new DNA present in every cell of the organism. In order to do this after fertilization, she would change the DNA in which of the following?
A. zygoteB. placentaC. testes of the fatherD. ovaries of the motherCLICK HERE FOR ANSWEREXAMPLE SEVEN
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
EXAMPLE EIGHT
The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms.
What is the name of this process?
A. meiosisB. mitosisC. endocytosisSource : ecsd-fl.schoolloop.com
Mitosis versus meiosis
Cells divide and reproduce in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, whereas meiosis results in four sex cells. Below we highlight the keys differences and similarities between the two types of cell division.
In: FACTS In the Cell
Mitosis versus meiosis
Cells divide and reproduce in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, whereas meiosis results in four sex cells. Below we highlight the keys differences and similarities between the two types of cell division.
Differences
Mitosis
Involves one cell division?
Results in two daughter cells
Results in diploid? daughter cells? (chromosome? number remains the same as parent cell)
Daughter cells are genetically identical
Occurs in all organisms except viruses
Creates all body cells (somatic?) apart from the germ cells? (eggs and sperm)
Prophase is much shorter
No recombination/crossing over occurs in prophase.
In metaphase individual chromosomes (pairs of chromatids) line up along the equator.
During anaphase the sister chromatids are separated to opposite poles.
Meiosis
Involves two successive cell divisions
Results in four daughter cells
Results in haploid? daughter cells (chromosome number is halved from the parent cell)
Daughter cells are genetically different
Occurs only in animals, plants and fungi
Creates germ cells (eggs and sperm) only
Prophase I takes much longer
Involves recombination/crossing over of chromosomes in prophase I
In metaphase I pairs of chromosomes line up along the equator.
During anaphase I the sister chromatids move together to the same pole.
During anaphase II the sister chromatids are separated to opposite poles.
Similarities
Mitosis Diploid parent cell
Consists of interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
In metaphase individual chromosomes (pairs of chromatids) line up along the equator.
During anaphase the sister chromatids are separated to opposite poles.
Ends with cytokinesis.
Meiosis Diploid parent cell
Consists of interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase (but twice!)
In metaphase II individual chromosomes (pairs of chromatids) line up along the equator.
During anaphase II the sister chromatids are separated to opposite poles.
Ends with cytokinesis.
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This page was last updated on 2021-07-21
Í What is mitosis? FACTS
Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division).
What is meiosis? FACTS
Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females.
What is a cell? FACTS
Cells are the basic building blocks of living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells, all with their own specialised function.
What is a stem cell?
FACTS
A stem cell is a cell with the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types in the body. In the future they may be used to replace cells and tissues that have been damaged or lost due to disease.
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