in which of the following would the business judgment rule not help a manager escape liability? choose 2 answer choices.
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Business Law
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Business Law - Chapter 34
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The formation of larger manufacturing enterprises during the Industrial Revolution required greater capital investments, leading to
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the separation of business ownership and management in many cases
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Directors and officers are both corporate managers.
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True
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Terms in this set (41)
The formation of larger manufacturing enterprises during the Industrial Revolution required greater capital investments, leading to
the separation of business ownership and management in many cases
Directors and officers are both corporate managers.
True
_________ elect _________ who set __________ and then directors appoint ________ to _________ these corporate goals.
Shareholders directors policy officers implement
Only directors of corporations incorporated in Delaware may consider the interests of stakeholders when making business decisions.
False
The Unocal decision is significant because the Court:
permitted directors to consider the interests of stakeholders when making business decisions, whereas previously directors could only consider the corporation's shareholders' interests.
The business judgment rule is
a common law concept that has achieved national acceptance
The business _________ rule protects both the ____________ and her __________. If a manager acted __________, a court will not hold her ____________ for any harm her decision causes the company, nor will it ___________her decision. If the manager breached her __________, then she ______________ her decision was __________ to the ____________.
judgment manager decision in good faith personally liable rescind fiduciary duty
has the burden of proving that
entirely fair shareholders
Which of the following are goals accomplished by the business judgment rule?
Encourages directors to serve
Permits directors to do their jobs
Keeps judges out of corporate management
__________ occurs when a manager makes a decision ___________ either ___________ or another company __________.
Self-dealing benefitting herself
with which she has a relationship
A manager who engages in self-dealing is automatically liable to the corporation and the shareholders.
False
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Business Judgment Rule Definition
The business judgment rule helps to insulate a corporation's board of directors from frivolous allegations about the way it conducts business.
INVESTING LAWS & REGULATIONS
Business Judgment Rule
By ADAM HAYES Updated March 25, 2021
What Is the Business Judgment Rule?
The business judgment rule helps to guard a corporation's board of directors (B of D) against frivolous legal allegations about the way it conducts business. A legal staple in common law countries, the rule states that boards are presumed to act in "good faith"—that is, within the fiduciary standards of loyalty, prudence, and care directors owe to stakeholders. Absent evidence that the board has blatantly violated some rule of conduct, the courts will not review or question its decisions.
Fiduciary standards include the "duty of care" and the "duty of loyalty." The first is an obligation to act on an informed basis. The second requires directors to put the interests of the corporation and over their own self-interest or the interests of others.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
The business judgment rule protects companies from frivolous lawsuits by assuming that, unless proved otherwise, management is acting in the interests of the corporation and its stakeholders.
The rule assumes that managers will not make optimal decisions all the time.
Unless it's clear that directors have violated the law or acted against the interests of the firm and its stakeholders, courts will not question their decisions.
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Bad Faith Insurance Definition
Understanding the Business Judgment Rule
The business judgment rule acknowledges that the daily operation of a business, as well as its long-term strategy, requires making controversial decisions or taking actions that put the company at risk. All business decisions are to some extent risky, whether they involve starting a new line of business or buying another company. Generally speaking, higher profits require taking greater risks.
The principle underlying the rule is that the B of D should be allowed to make such decisions without fear of prosecution by shareholders who might object. The rule assumes that it is unreasonable to expect managers to make optimal decisions all the time. As long as a court believes that directors are acting rationally and in good faith, it will take no action against them.
Example of the Business Judgment Rule
Say that XYZ Company's board is considering shutting down a particular product line. Profit margins on the product have been shrinking and the product is becoming extremely costly and eating into revenues from other business lines.
The board decides that discontinuing the product would free up resources necessary to focus on more profitable areas. In this case, the business judgment rule protects directors from prosecution by shareholders who disagree with their decision or who are adversely affected by it.
Exemptions to the Business Judgment Rule
By contrast, there are instances in which director decisions can end up in the courts. For example, a director sells a company asset to a family member for an unjustifiably low price. This would be an example of self-dealing that the rule would not insulate from prosecution.
In order to challenge the presumption that is the heart of the rule, plaintiffs must show evidence that directors have acted in bad faith. This might include engaging in fraud, committing a breach of trust or creating a conflict of interest, abdicating corporate responsibility, or failing to investigate unethical corporate behavior that is obvious when committed.
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Related Terms
What Is Duty of Care?
Duty of care is a fiduciary responsibility that requires company directors to make decisions in good faith and in a reasonably prudent manner. more
What Is a Fiduciary?
A fiduciary is a person or organization that acts on behalf of a person or persons and is legally bound to act solely in their best interests. more
Reasonableness Standard Definition
Reasonableness standard has several applications in finance that relate to requiring expectations placed upon a party are considered reasonable. more
Fiduciary Negligence
Fiduciary negligence is professional malpractice when a person fails to honor their fiduciary obligations and responsibilities. more
What Is Accountant's Liability?
Accountant's liability stems from legal exposure assumed while performing an audit or corporate accounting services. more
What Is Self-Dealing?
Self-dealing is when a fiduciary acts in their own best interest in a transaction rather than in the best interest of their clients. more
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The Business Judgment Rule and the Trans Union Case on JSTOR
Daniel R. Fischel, The Business Judgment Rule and the Trans Union Case, The Business Lawyer, Vol. 40, No. 4 (August 1985), pp. 1437-1455
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JOURNAL ARTICLE Daniel R. Fischel The Business Lawyer
Vol. 40, No. 4 (August 1985), pp. 1437-1455 (19 pages)
Published By: American Bar Association
https://www.jstor.org/stable/40686696
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This article analyzes the rationale of the business judgment rule and its application in the Trans Union case.
The Business Lawyer is the premier business law journal in the country, circulating to approximately 60,000 readers. It contains articles of significant interest to the business lawyer, including case law analysis, developing trends and annotated listings of recent literature.
With nearly 400,000 members, the ABA provides law school accreditation, continuing legal education, information about the law, programs to assist lawyers and judges in their work, and initiatives to improve the legal system for the public.
This item is part of a JSTOR Collection.For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions
The Business Lawyer © 1985 American Bar Association
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