an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow is known as
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Medical Terminology Chapter 4 Flashcards
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Medical Terminology Chapter 4
terms in chapter 4 60 Medical Professional 06/24/2008
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Term
abductionDefinition
movement of limb away from the midline of the bodyTerm
Achilles tendinitisDefinition
inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stressTerm
adductionDefinition
movement of limb towards the midline of the bodyTerm
adhesionDefinition
band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally and can form in muscles or internal organs as the results of an injury or surgeryTerm
anticholinergicDefinition
"medication administered to control spasmodic activity of smooth muscles, such as those of the intestine; also know as antispasmodic"Term
ataxiaDefinition
inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movementTerm
atonicDefinition
lacking normal muscle tone or strengthTerm
atrophyDefinition
weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures caused by pathology or by disuse over a long period of timeTerm
atropineDefinition
antispasmodic medication that may be administered preoperatively to relax smooth musclesTerm
bradykinesiaDefinition
extreme slowness in movementTerm
carpal tunnel syndromeDefinition
swelling that creates pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnelTerm
circumductionDefinition
circular movement of a limb at the far endTerm
contractureDefinition
"permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues."Term
dorsiflexionDefinition
bends the foot upward at the angleTerm
dyskinesiaDefinition
distortion or impairment of voluntary movement in which the movements appear purposeful but are not under voluntary control.Term
dystaxiaDefinition
difficulty in controlling voluntary movement; artial ataxiaTerm
dystoniaDefinition
condition of abnormal muscle toneTerm
electromyographyDefinition
diagnostic procedure that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in respones to nerve stimulationTerm
electroneuromyographyDefinition
diagnostic procedure for testing and recording neuromuscular activity by the electric stimulation of the nerve trunk that carries fibers to and from the musclesTerm
epicondylitisDefinition
inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow.Term
ergonomicsDefinition
study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environmentTerm
fasciitisDefinition
inflammation of a fasciaTerm
fascioplastyDefinition
surgical repair of a fasciaTerm
fibromyalgia syndromeDefinition
"chronic, often disabling, condition of unknown cause characterized by uncontrollable fatigue and widespread pain in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons"Term
ganglion cystDefinition
harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wristTerm
hemiparesisDefinition
slight paralysis of one side of the bodyTerm
hemipalegiaDefinition
total paralysis of one side of the bodyTerm
hyperkinesiaDefinition
abnormally increased motor function or activityTerm
hypertoniaDefinition
condition of excessive tone of the skeletal muscleTerm
hypokinesiaDefinition
abnormally decreased motor function or activityTerm
hypotoniaDefinition
contitioni in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscleTerm
impingement syndromeDefinition
when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder jointTerm
intermittent claudicationDefinition
pain in the leg muscles that occurs in the legs during exercise and is relieved by restTerm
kinesiologyDefinition
study of muscular activity and the resulting movement of body partsTerm
muscular dystrophyDefinition
group of inherited muscle disorders that cause muscle weakness without affecting the nervous systemTerm
myalgiaDefinition
muscle tenderness or painTerm
myasthenia gravisDefinition
chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary musclesTerm
myoceleDefinition
protrusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath or fasciaTerm
myoclonusDefinition
spasm or twitching of a muscle or groups of musclesSource : www.flashcardmachine.com
Med term ch 4 fill ins Flashcards
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Epicondylitis
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an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow is known as
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Flexion
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Terms in this set (15)
Epicondylitis
an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow is known as
Flexion
The movement during which the knees or elbows are bent to decrease the angle of the joints is known as
Intermittent Claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest is known as ________________. This condition is due to poor circulation and is associated with peripheral vascular disease.
Myoparesis
A weakness or slight muscular paralysis is known as
Torticollis
a stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side is known as ___________, or wryneck
George Quinton developed a swelling on the outer surface of his wrist. His doctor diagnosed this as being a/an ______ and explained that this was a harmless fluid-filled swelling.
ganglion cyst
Raul Valladares has a protrusion of a muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it. This condition is known as a/an ___.
Myocele
Louisa Ferraro experienced _____ of her leg muscles due to the disuse of these muscles over a long period of time.
Contracture
Jasmine Franklin has _____. This is a condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.
hypotonia
Carolyn Goodwin complained of profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and was made worse by physical or mental activity. After ruling out other causes, her physician diagnosed her condition as being _______ syndrome.
chronic fatigue
Chuan Lee, who is a runner, required treatment for ___ ___. This condition is a painful inflammation of the Achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on that tendon.
Achilles tendinitis
For the first several days after his fall, Bob Hill suffered severe muscle pain. This condition is known as ______.
myalgia
Jorge Guendulay could not play for his team because of a/an _____. This is a painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia.
Shin splint
Due to a spinal cord injury, Marissa Giannati suffers from ____, which is paralysis of all four limbs.
quadriplegia
Duncan McDougle has slight paralysis on one side of his body. This condition, which was caused by a stroke, is known as ______.
hemiparesis
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Verified questions
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
The velocity of nerve impulse conduction is greatest in (a) heavily myelinated, large-diameter fibers, (b) myelinated, small-diameter fibers, (c) unmyelinated, small-diameter fibers, (d) unmyelinated, large-diameter fibers.
Verified answer
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Match the visual accessory organ with its function: (1) eyelid (2) conjunctiva (3) lacrimal gland (4) extrinsic muscle A. moves the eye B. covers the eye C. lines the eyelids D. produces tears
Verified answer
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
What is the function of the reticular formation?
Verified answer
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
The coronary arteries branch off of the ________. a. aortic valve b. ascending aorta c. aortic arch d. thoracic aorta
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Ch 4: Medical Terms / Questions Flashcards
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Ch 4: Medical Terms / Questions
97cards Mofoluwaso I. Medicine And Health Medical Terminology abduction
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
adduction
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.
adhesion
A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.
ataxia
The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
atonic
Lacking normal muscle tone or strength.
atrophy
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.
bradykinesia
Extreme slowness in movement.
carpal tunnel syndrome
Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve.
chronic fatigue syndrome
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity.
circumduction
The circular movement at the far end of a limb.
contracture
The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues.
dorsiflexion
Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle.
dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions.
dystonia
A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.
electromyography
A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation.
epicondylitis
Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow.
ergonomics
The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.
exercise physiologist
A specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness.
fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia.
fibromyalgia
A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms.
ganglion cyst
A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist.
heel spur
A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel bone.
hemiparesis
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body.
hemiplegia
Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
hernia
The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it.
hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased motor (or muscle) function or activity; also known as hyperactivity.
hypotonia
A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.
impingement syndrome
Inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.
insertion
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.
intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.
muscular dystrophy
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system.
myasthenia gravis
A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.
myocele
The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
myoclonus
The quick involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles.
myofascial release
A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.
myolysis
The degeneration of muscle tissue.
myoparesis
Weakness or slight muscular paralysis.
myorrhaphy
Surgical suturing of a muscle.
neuromuscular
Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle.
oblique
Slanted or at an angle.
origin
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton.
paralysis
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply.
paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.
physiatrist
A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.
plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running.
polymyositis
A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body.
pronation
The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities.
sarcopenia
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.
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