a scientist makes the argument that she has found dna evidence that shows that evolution does not exist. what would her evidence have to show for her to be correct? strong genetic similarities in closely related organisms and weak genetic similarities in distantly related organisms. weak genetic similarities in closely related organisms and strong genetic similarities in distantly related organisms. strong physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms. weak physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms.
James
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get a scientist makes the argument that she has found dna evidence that shows that evolution does not exist. what would her evidence have to show for her to be correct? strong genetic similarities in closely related organisms and weak genetic similarities in distantly related organisms. weak genetic similarities in closely related organisms and strong genetic similarities in distantly related organisms. strong physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms. weak physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms. from EN Bilgi.
Biological Evidence
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QUIZ
Biological Evidence
Biological Evidence 55%
2 10th Biology Nicole Day 10 months
25 Qs
1. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
A similar trait found in two different species that is the result of having a common ancestor.
answer choices Analogous structure Vestigial structure
Homologous structure
2. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Structures that are similar because they are advantageous, not because they are related.
answer choices Analogous structure Vestigial structure
Homologous structure
3. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
A structure that has evolved to have no function in an organism.
answer choices
Homologous structure
Vestigial structure Analogous structure 4. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Decide if an example of similar traits is likely a homologous structure or an analogous structure.
"Bird wings and dragonfly wings are both used for flight."
answer choices Analogous structure
Homologous structure
5. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Decide if an example of similar traits is likely a homologous structure or an analogous structure.
"Clams and snails both have similar muscle structure even though the muscles do different jobs."
answer choices Analogous structure
Homologous structure
6. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Decide if an example of similar traits is likely a homologous structure or an analogous structure.
"Human and giraffe necks both have 7 vertebrae because we are related.."
answer choices Analogous structure
Homologous structure
7. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Decide if an example of similar traits is likely a homologous structure or an analogous structure.
"The flaps of a Venus flytrap have a similar makeup to oak leaves."
answer choices Analogous structure
Homologous structure
8. Multiple-choice 45 seconds Q.
All of the following statements are true. Decide which of the examples of molecular biology give evidence for evolution. Check all of the boxes that apply.
answer choices
HOX genes are very similar in all animals.
Bug wings and bat wings are both used for flying.
Many species share much the same DNA.
Plant and animal cells have almost all of the same structures.
9. Fill-in-the-Blank
1 minute Q.
____________ are the preserved remains or evidence of a species.
10. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Look at the sample of sedimentary rock to determine which fossil is the oldest.
answer choices 1 2 3 4 11. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Where would you expect to find the simplest body plans?
answer choices 1 2 3 4 12. Multiple-choice 45 seconds Q.
Identify which examples are fossils. Select all of the boxes that apply.
answer choices
a mosquito from 65 million years ago trapped in sap
a dinosaur footprint found in a rock layer
a 100-year-old tortoise
the preserved remains of a living organism
13. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Match each example to the fossil topic discussed.
"The fossil record matches the geologic record."
answer choices
geographic distribution
increasing complexity
transitional forms 14. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Match each example to the fossil topic discussed.
"The oldest forms of life were much more simple than the newest forms of life."
answer choices
geographic distribution
increasing complexity
transitional forms 15. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
Match each example to the fossil topic discussed.
"A fossil called Tiktaalik has been found to be halfway between a fish and the earliest land animals.."
answer choices
geographic distribution
increasing complexity
transitional forms 16. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?
answer choices
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
Their opinion and personal views.
The arguments of famous people on the topic.
The arguments that make the most sense for society.
17. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
What is the most likely reason that horses and mountain goats have hooves?
answer choices
They have homologous structures because they have a common ancestor.
They have analogous structures because they have a common ancestor.
These are vestigial structures in both animals because they are not used.
These are similar structures due genetic mutations.
18. Multiple-choice 30 seconds Q.
What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?
answer choices
They are both explanations of the rate of evolutionary change.
They are both explanations that were put forth by Darwin.
They both discredit the theory of evolution.
They both utilize radioactive dating over relative dating.
19. Multiple-choice
Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record Flashcards
Memorize flashcards and build a practice test to quiz yourself before your exam. Start studying the Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record flashcards containing study terms like What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?, What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?, A scientist makes an argument that she has found DNA evidence that shows that evolution does not exist. What would her evidence have to show for her to be correct? and more.
Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record
4.3 21 Reviews
What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?
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They are both explanations of the rate of evolutionary change.
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What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?
Click card to see definition 👆
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
Click again to see term 👆
1/6 Created by Hayley_Taylor80
Terms in this set (6)
What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?
They are both explanations of the rate of evolutionary change.
What do scientists need to look at before developing an argument?
The validity of data, claims, hypotheses, and observations.
A scientist makes an argument that she has found DNA evidence that shows that evolution does not exist. What would her evidence have to show for her to be correct?
Weak genetic organisms and strong genetic similarities in distantly related organisms.
The fossil record shows that two groups of organisms are related, which means they share a _______________.
Common Ancestor
What is the value of a transitional fossil?
Transitional forms show the evolutionary steps between species.
Dogs have a reduced nonfunctional digit on their paws known as dewclaw. What is this an example of?
Vestigial Structure
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Evidence Supporting Biological Evolution
Evidence Supporting Biological Evolution
A long path leads from the origins of primitive "life," which existed at least 3.5 billion years ago, to the profusion and diversity of life that exists today. This path is best understood as a product of evolution.
Contrary to popular opinion, neither the term nor the idea of biological evolution began with Charles Darwin and his foremost work, (1859). Many scholars from the ancient Greek philosophers on had inferred that similar species were descended from a common ancestor. The word "evolution" first appeared in the English language in 1647 in a nonbiological connection, and it became widely used in English for all sorts of progressions from simpler beginnings. The term Darwin most often used to refer to biological evolution was "descent with modification," which remains a good brief definition of the process today.
Darwin proposed that evolution could be explained by the differential survival of organisms following their naturally occurring variation--a process he termed "natural selection." According to this view, the offspring of organisms differ from one another and from their parents in ways that are heritable--that is, they can pass on the differences genetically to their own offspring. Furthermore, organisms in nature typically produce more offspring than can survive and reproduce given the constraints of food, space, and other environmental resources. If a particular off spring has traits that give it an advantage in a particular environment, that organism will be more likely to survive and pass on those traits. As differences accumulate over generations, populations of organisms diverge from their ancestors.
Darwin's original hypothesis has undergone extensive modification and expansion, but the central concepts stand firm. Studies in genetics and molecular biology--fields unknown in Darwin's time--have explained the occurrence of the hereditary variations that are essential to natural selection. Genetic variations result from changes, or mutations, in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, the molecule that genes are made from. Such changes in DNA now can be detected and described with great precision.
Genetic mutations arise by chance. They may or may not equip the organism with better means for surviving in its environment. But if a gene variant improves adaptation to the environment (for example, by allowing an organism to make better use of an available nutrient, or to escape predators more effectively--such as through stronger legs or disguising coloration), the organisms carrying that gene are more likely to survive and reproduce than those without it. Over time, their descendants will tend to increase, changing the average characteristics of the population. Although the genetic variation on which natural selection works is based on random or chance elements, natural selection itself produces "adaptive" change--the very opposite of chance.
Scientists also have gained an understanding of the processes by which new species originate. A new species is one in which the individuals cannot mate and produce viable descendants with individuals of a preexisting species. The split of one species into two often starts because a group of individuals becomes geographically separated from the rest. This is particularly apparent in distant remote islands, such as the Galápagos and the Hawaiian archipelago, whose great distance from the Americas and Asia means that arriving colonizers will have little or no opportunity to mate with individuals remaining on those continents. Mountains, rivers, lakes, and other natural barriers also account for geographic separation between populations that once belonged to the same species.
Once isolated, geographically separated groups of individuals become genetically differentiated as a consequence of mutation and other processes, including natural selection. The origin of a species is often a gradual process, so that at first the reproductive isolation between separated groups of organisms is only partial, but it eventually becomes complete. Scientists pay special attention to these intermediate situations, because they help to reconstruct the details of the process and to identify particular genes or sets of genes that account for the reproductive isolation between species.
A particularly compelling example of speciation involves the 13 species of finches studied by Darwin on the Galápagos Islands, now known as Darwin's finches. The ancestors of these finches appear to have emigrated from the South American mainland to the Galápagos. Today the different species of finches on the island have distinct habitats, diets, and behaviors, but the mechanisms involved in speciation continue to operate. A research group led by Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University has shown that a single year of drought on the islands can drive evolutionary changes in the finches. Drought diminishes supplies of easily cracked nuts but permits the survival of plants that produce larger, tougher nuts. Droughts thus favor birds with strong, wide beaks that can break these tougher seeds, producing populations of birds with these traits. The Grants have estimated that if droughts occur about once every 10 years on the islands, a new species of finch might arise in only about 200 years.
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